request

• 基本请求

  req = requests.get("http://www.baidu.com")
  req = requests.post("http://www.baidu.com")
  req = requests.put("http://www.baidu.com")
  req = requests.delete("http://www.baidu.com")
  req = requests.head("http://www.baidu.com")
  req = requests.options("http://www.baidu.com")
  

• get请求

  import requests
    
  url = "http://www.baidu.com/s"
  params = {'wd': '尚学堂'}
  response = requests.get(url, params=params)
  print(response.url)
  response.encoding = 'utf-8'
  html = response.text
  # print(html)
  

• post请求

  import requests
  url = "http://www.sxt.cn/index/login/login.html"
  formdata = {
      "user" : "18234778600",
      "password" : "123456"
  }
  response = request.post(url,data=formdata)
  response.encoding = 'utf-8'
  html = response.text
  print(html)
  

• 自定义请求头

  headers = {'User-Agent':'python'}
  r = requests.get('http://www.zhidaow.com', headers = headers)
  print(r.request.headers['User-Agent'])
  

• 设置超时时间

  requests.get('http://github.com',timeout=0.01)
  

• 代理访问

  import requests
  proxies = {
    "http": "http://10.10.1.10:3128",
    "https": "https://10.10.1.10:1080",
  }
  requests.get("http://www.zhidaow.com", proxies=proxies)
  

• session自动保存cookies

  # 创建一个session对象 
  s = requests.Session() 
  # 用session对象发出get请求，设置cookies 
  s.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/sessioncookie/123456789') 
  

• ssl验证

  # 禁用安全请求警告
  requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()
    
  resp = requests.get(url, verify=False, headers=headers)
  

• 代码	含义
  resp.json()	获取响应内容（以json字符串）
  resp.text	获取响应内容 (以字符串)
  resp.content	获取响应内容（以字节的方式）
  resp.headers	获取响应头内容
  resp.url	获取访问地址
  resp.encoding	获取网页编码
  resp.request.headers	请求头内容
  resp.cookie	获取cookie